9x19mm Parabellum
Introduced 1902Georg LugerCIP standard
Also known as 9mm Luger, 9mm Parabellum, 9x19mm, 9mm NATO — the same cartridge under different names, all of which find this page.
Dimensions and pressure
Generated from the schema, like every specification table on this site, so a figure recorded on this entry cannot be missing from the table.
Identity
- Designed by
- Georg Luger
- Introduced
- 1902
- Production
- not recorded
- Standards body
- C.I.P.
- Case type
- Rimless
- Case shape
- Tapered
Dimensions
- Bullet diameter
- 9.03 mm0.3555 insource
Cartridge maximum, dimension G1.
- Bore diameter
- not recorded
- Case length
- 19.15 mm0.7539 insource
Cartridge maximum, dimension L3.
- Overall length
- 29.69 mm1.169 insource
Cartridge maximum, dimension L6.
- Rim diameter
- 9.96 mm0.3921 insource
Dimension R1.
- Neck diameter
- 9.65 mm0.3799 insource
Dimension H2.
- Base diameter
- 9.93 mm0.3909 insource
Dimension P1.
Pressure
- Maximum pressure
- 235 MPa34,084 psisource
Pmax 2350 bar, transducer method.
- Pressure standard
- C.I.P.
SAAMI and C.I.P. measure pressure differently and their figures are not interchangeable, which is why the body is always named beside the figure.
Loads
Velocity is recorded per barrel length as published. A gun page interpolates between these points and never projects beyond them.
American Eagle 115 gr FMJ
Federal
- Bullet mass
- 7.452 g115.0 grsource
115 gr as published, converted to grams.
- Cartridge mass
- not recorded
- Bullet type
- FMJ
- G1 BC
- not recorded
- G7 BC
- not recorded
| Barrel | Velocity |
|---|---|
| 101.6 mm4.000 in | 359.7 m/s1,180 fps |
Chambered in
Computed from every entry that lists this cartridge. Nothing here is hand-maintained.
- CZ 75
Česká zbrojovka Uherský Brod
- Glock 17
Glock Ges.m.b.H.
- Heckler & Koch MP5
Heckler & Koch
- Heckler & Koch P7
Heckler & Koch
- Heckler & Koch VP70
Heckler & Koch
- Uzi
Israel Weapon Industries
- TEC-9
Intratec
- Luger pistol
Deutsche Waffen- und Munitionsfabriken
- M3 submachine gun
Guide Lamp Division, General Motors
- MAC-11
Military Armament Corporation
- Mauser C96
Mauser
- MP 40
Erma Werke
- PP-2000
KBP Instrument Design Bureau
- Sten
Royal Small Arms Factory
- Sterling submachine gun
Sterling Armaments Company
- Steyr M1912
Steyr Arms
Gallery
Image credit
- Title
- Cartridge 9x19mm Parabellum CC BY-SA 4.0 by Grasyl
- Author
- Grasyl(attribution required)
- Licence
- CC BY-SA 4.0
- Source
- https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cartridge_9x19mm_Parabellum_CC_BY-SA_4.0_by_Grasyl.jpg
Detail
Georg Luger arrived at this cartridge by opening the neck of his own bottlenecked 7.65mm round until it took a nine-millimetre bullet, which is why the case is tapered rather than straight and why it headspaces on the case mouth in spite of that taper. The German navy adopted it in 1904 and the army in 1908. It is now the most widely produced centrefire cartridge in the world, and the reason a handgun designed anywhere is likely to be chambered for it first.
The C.I.P. figures transcribed here are cartridge maxima and chamber minima from the datasheet, not the dimensions of any particular round. NATO service loads run above the 235 MPa commercial ceiling, which is why a NATO headstamp is not interchangeable with a commercial pressure rating even though the chamber is.
References
- C.I.P. TDCC datasheet, 9 mm Luger · Tab. IV, dated 1984-06-14, revision 2008-09-23 · read 2026-08-27
- American Eagle Handgun 9mm Luger 115 grain FMJ (AE9DP) · read 2026-08-27
Last verified 2026-08-27 · review status: spot-checked