Image credit
- Title
- File:Type 99 Full View 2-noback.png
- Author
- Tom Loghrin(attribution required)
- Licence
- CC BY-SA 4.0
- Source
- https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Type_99_Full_View_2-noback.png
How Muzzle energy is calculated
E = ½ · m · v²
Not calculated: v has no sourced figure yet. Nothing is substituted for a missing input.
1 of 2 inputs link to their source.
How Muzzle velocity is calculated
no sourced velocity for this load
Not calculated: muzzle velocity has no sourced figure yet. Nothing is substituted for a missing input.
No input on this calculation carries a clickable source yet.
How Loaded mass is calculated
m_loaded = m_empty + m_magazine + n · m_cartridge
Not calculated: m_magazine has no sourced figure yet. Nothing is substituted for a missing input.
Assumptions
- One magazine, filled to the stated capacity. Spare magazines, optics, slings and lights are the owner’s, not the arm’s.
No input on this calculation carries a clickable source yet.
How Free recoil is calculated
E_recoil = ½ · m_firearm · v_recoil²
Not calculated: v_recoil has no sourced figure yet. Nothing is substituted for a missing input.
Assumptions
- Propellant gas momentum is excluded: ARMAG does not record charge weights. This is therefore a lower bound on the real free recoil, consistent between entries but smaller than a figure that includes the gas term.
- Free recoil: the arm is unrestrained. Stock design, muzzle devices, stance and shooter mass are not modelled, because none of them is a property of the arm.
No input on this calculation carries a clickable source yet.
How Capacity is calculated
as published for the primary chambering
Inputs
- capacity5estimatedFrom the Wikipedia infobox, uncited there. A 5-round internal box magazine loaded from stripper clips.
No input on this calculation carries a clickable source yet.
Derived figures
Computed from the sourced values above. Open ƒ on any figure for the formula, its inputs, and the assumptions it makes.
How Momentum is calculated
p = m · v
Not calculated: v has no sourced figure yet. Nothing is substituted for a missing input.
1 of 2 inputs link to their source.
How Sectional density is calculated
SD = mass(gr) / (7000 · diameter(in)²)
Inputs
- mass11.8 g182.1 grestimatedsourceCited article's ballistics table publishes 182 grains, sourced there to a ballistics-reference website rather than a factory or standards document; converted here. No test barrel length is stated anywhere in the article, so no velocity is recorded.
- diameter7.92 mm0.3118 inestimatedsourceCited article's infobox; see caseLength note.
Assumptions
- Reported in the conventional lb/in² so it is directly comparable with published figures.
2 of 2 inputs link to their source.
How Power factor is calculated
PF = mass(gr) · velocity(fps) / 1000
Not calculated: velocity has no sourced figure yet. Nothing is substituted for a missing input.
Assumptions
- A competition classification defined by the IPSC and USPSA rulebooks, stated in their units. It describes a scoring category, not an effect.
1 of 2 inputs link to their source.
How Magazine dump is calculated
t = (n − 1) / (rpm / 60)
Not calculated: rpm has no sourced figure yet. Nothing is substituted for a missing input.
Assumptions
- Cyclic rate held for the whole magazine, no stoppages, trigger held down. A theoretical figure for comparing mechanisms, not a measured one.
No input on this calculation carries a clickable source yet.
How Sight error at 1 mm is calculated
θ = atan(misalignment / sight radius)
Not calculated: sight radius has no sourced figure yet. Nothing is substituted for a missing input.
Assumptions
- Shows what a stated aiming error costs. The misalignment is the reader’s figure; the site does not claim how well anyone aims.
No input on this calculation carries a clickable source yet.
Variants
Type 99 long rifle
The initial, longer production version, made only in 1940–41; about 38,000 were built before production switched to the short rifle.
- Length
- 1,258 mm49.53 inestimated
From the Wikipedia infobox, uncited there. Given as the alternative length, for the long rifle.
| Variant | Years | Changes |
|---|---|---|
| Type 99 long rifle | — | Length |
Specifications
Every row here is generated from the schema, so a figure recorded on this entry cannot be missing from the table, and the same rows, read the same way, are what the comparison shows.
Identity
- Type
- Rifle
- Action
- Bolt action
- Fire modes
- not recorded
- Operating system
- Manually operated
- Roles
- Designed in
- Japan
- Produced in
- Introduced
- 1939
- Production
- 1939–1945
Dimensions and mass
- Mass, empty
- 3.79 kg8.356 lbestimated
From the Wikipedia infobox, uncited there. Short rifle; no source states whether it is with or without accessories.
- Magazine, empty
- not recorded
- Length
- 1,118 mm44.02 inestimated
From the Wikipedia infobox, uncited there. Short rifle; the infobox gives 1,258 mm for the long rifle.
- Length, folded
- not recorded
- Width
- not recorded
- Height
- not recorded
- Barrel length
- 657 mm25.87 inestimated
From the Wikipedia infobox, uncited there. Short rifle.
Sights and rifling
- Sight radius
- not recorded
- Sight height over bore
- not recorded
- Rifling twist
- not recorded
- Twist direction
- not recorded
- Grooves
- not recorded
- Sight graduation
- not recorded
Operation
- Cyclic rate
- not recorded
- Trigger pull
- not recorded
- Effective range
- not recorded
- Units produced
- not recorded
- Launch price
- not recorded
Chamberings
- 7.7×58mm Arisakaprimary5 rounds
Scale
A to-scale outline against family siblings. The dimensions are sourced; the shape is a representative outline for the type, and says so.
- Type 99 rifle1,118 mm44.02 inheight not recorded
Representative outline: the dimensions are sourced, the shape is not. Overall length, and barrel length where recorded, are drawn from this entry's own figures; the profile is a generic one for the firearm type and says nothing about this arm's actual contours. Type 99 rifle records no height, so its outline is drawn at the type's proportion. That height is part of the shape, not a measurement.
Gallery
Image credit
- Title
- File:Type 99 Markings.JPG
- Author
- Tom Loghrin(attribution required)
- Licence
- CC BY-SA 4.0
- Source
- https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Type_99_Markings.JPG
Detail
The Type 99 is the second generation of the Arisaka bolt-action rifle, adopted by the Imperial Japanese Army in 1939. In the Second Sino-Japanese War the army found the 7.7mm round of its Type 92 heavy machine gun superior to the 6.5×50mm cartridge of the Type 38 rifle, and it developed the Type 99 from the Type 38 to fire the larger round and move the infantry onto a single rifle cartridge. Several Type 38s were converted to 7.7mm for trials, and although they worked, the added recoil and the larger chamber led the army to build an entirely new rifle for it rather than rebarrel the old one.
The action cocks on closing, and its safety is an unusual knurled disc at the rear of the bolt that the shooter presses in with the palm and turns an eighth of a turn. Early rifles carried a wire monopod, flip-up anti-aircraft sight arms, a bolt dust cover and a chrome-lined bore, the first on a mass-produced infantry rifle; all were dropped by the middle of the war. Late-war “last ditch” rifles were simplified further, with crude stocks, fixed sights and visible tooling marks, though the bolt itself was not cheapened. The army meant the Type 99 to replace the Type 38 entirely, but the Pacific War never allowed it, and both served to 1945.
It was built in four versions, the standard short rifle recorded here, the long rifle, the take-down Type 2 paratroop rifle and a sniper rifle, at nine arsenals in Japan, Korea and Manchuria. After the war others converted large numbers: about 133,000 were rechambered for .30-06 Springfield under American supervision for South Korea, the Republic of China converted rifles to 8×57mm and 7.62×39mm, and Thailand converted some to .30-06. None of those is a chambering the rifle was built for, so none is recorded as one.
No single arsenal made most Type 99s, so the entry names no maker. Every dimension on this page is an uncited encyclopedia figure and recorded as an estimate; no source consulted gives a twist rate or states what the mass figure includes, and the long rifle’s barrel length and mass are not published.
References
This entry's own bibliography. Every citation key on this page resolves into this list.
- Type 99 rifle · Wikipedia · 1373615638 · read 2026-09-24 · CC BY-SA 4.0
Last verified 2026-09-24 · review status: draft