Rifling twist
The distance in which the rifling makes one complete turn, and so how fast it spins a bullet.
Also called Twist rate
Recorded here in millimetres per turn, because that is how European standards and most military documents state it: a twist of 178 mm means one full rotation in 178 mm of barrel. English-language sources usually write the same thing as a ratio, 1 in 7 inches.
The rate has to match the bullet. A longer, heavier projectile needs a faster twist to stay point-forward; too slow and it tumbles, too fast and a thin-jacketed bullet can come apart in flight. The M16’s change from a 1-in-12-inch twist to 1-in-7 between the A1 and the A2 was made to stabilise the longer SS109 bullet, and it is why the two rifles prefer different ammunition.