Image credit
- Title
- File:Ruger 10-22 (36612280570).jpg
- Author
- James Case from Philadelphia, Mississippi, U.S.A.(attribution required)
- Licence
- CC BY 2.0
- Source
- https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ruger_10-22_(36612280570).jpg
.jpg){kind=link}
How Muzzle energy is calculated
E = ½ · m · v²
Not calculated: m has no sourced figure yet. Nothing is substituted for a missing input.
No input on this calculation carries a clickable source yet.
How Muzzle velocity is calculated
no sourced velocity for this pairing
Not calculated: muzzle velocity has no sourced figure yet. Nothing is substituted for a missing input.
No input on this calculation carries a clickable source yet.
How Loaded mass is calculated
m_loaded = m_empty + m_magazine + n · m_cartridge
Not calculated: m_magazine has no sourced figure yet. Nothing is substituted for a missing input.
Assumptions
- One magazine, filled to the stated capacity. Spare magazines, optics, slings and lights are the owner’s, not the arm’s.
2 of 4 inputs link to their source.
How Free recoil is calculated
E_recoil = ½ · m_firearm · v_recoil²
Not calculated: v_recoil has no sourced figure yet. Nothing is substituted for a missing input.
Assumptions
- Propellant gas momentum is excluded: ARMAG does not record charge weights (SPEC.md §14). This is therefore a lower bound on the real free recoil, consistent between entries but smaller than a figure that includes the gas term.
- Free recoil: the arm is unrestrained. Stock design, muzzle devices, stance and shooter mass are not modelled, because none of them is a property of the arm.
1 of 2 inputs link to their source.
How Capacity is calculated
as published for the primary chambering
Inputs
- capacity10verifiedsourceRotary magazine sitting flush with the stock; 15- and 25-round box magazines are also made.
1 of 1 inputs link to their source.
Derived figures
Computed from the sourced values above. Open ƒ on any figure for the formula, its inputs, and the assumptions it makes.
How Momentum is calculated
p = m · v
Not calculated: m has no sourced figure yet. Nothing is substituted for a missing input.
No input on this calculation carries a clickable source yet.
How Sectional density is calculated
SD = mass(gr) / (7000 · diameter(in)²)
Not calculated: mass has no sourced figure yet. Nothing is substituted for a missing input.
Assumptions
- Reported in the conventional lb/in² so it is directly comparable with published figures.
1 of 2 inputs link to their source.
How Power factor is calculated
PF = mass(gr) · velocity(fps) / 1000
Not calculated: mass has no sourced figure yet. Nothing is substituted for a missing input.
Assumptions
- A competition classification defined by the IPSC and USPSA rulebooks, stated in their units. It describes a scoring category, not an effect.
No input on this calculation carries a clickable source yet.
How Magazine dump is calculated
t = (n − 1) / (rpm / 60)
Not calculated: rpm has no sourced figure yet. Nothing is substituted for a missing input.
Assumptions
- Cyclic rate held for the whole magazine, no stoppages, trigger held down. A theoretical figure for comparing mechanisms, not a measured one.
1 of 2 inputs link to their source.
How Sight error at 1 mm is calculated
θ = atan(misalignment / sight radius)
Not calculated: sight radius has no sourced figure yet. Nothing is substituted for a missing input.
Assumptions
- Shows what a stated aiming error costs. The misalignment is the reader’s figure; the site does not claim how well anyone aims.
No input on this calculation carries a clickable source yet.
Specifications
Every row here is generated from the schema, so a figure recorded on this entry cannot be missing from the table — and the same rows, read the same way, are what the comparison shows.
Identity
- Type
- Rifle
- Action
- Self-loading
- Fire modes
- Semi-automatic
- Operating system
- Blowback, simple
- Designed in
- United States
- Produced in
- Introduced
- 1964
- Production
- 1964–present
Dimensions and mass
- Mass, empty
- 2.268 kg5.000 lbsource
Published as 5 lb; 1 lb = 0.45359237 kg exactly.
- Magazine, empty
- not recorded
- Length
- 939.8 mm37.00 insource
Published as 37 in; 1 in = 25.4 mm exactly.
- Length, folded
- not recorded
- Width
- not recorded
- Height
- not recorded
- Barrel length
- 469.9 mm18.50 insource
Published as 18.5 in; 1 in = 25.4 mm exactly.
Sights and rifling
- Sight radius
- not recorded
- Sight height over bore
- not recorded
- Rifling twist
- not recorded
- Twist direction
- not recorded
- Grooves
- not recorded
- Sight graduation
- not recorded
Operation
- Cyclic rate
- not recorded
- Trigger pull
- not recorded
- Effective range
- not recorded
- Units produced
- 7,000,000source
The cited article gives "over 7 million" as at 2015, so this is a floor and it is a decade old.
- Launch price
- USD 54.5 · 1965 · US
Chamberings
- .22 Long Rifleprimary10 rounds
Scale
A to-scale outline against family siblings. The dimensions are sourced; the shape is a representative outline for the type, and says so.
- Ruger 10/22939.8 mm37.00 inheight not recorded
Representative outline — the dimensions are sourced, the shape is not. Overall length, and barrel length where recorded, are drawn from this entry's own figures; the profile is a generic one for the firearm type and says nothing about this arm's actual contours. Ruger 10/22 records no height, so its outline is drawn at the type's proportion — that height is part of the shape, not a measurement.
Detail
A rimfire cartridge has a rim, and a rim is what makes a box magazine jam: stack the rounds and the lower rim sits ahead of the upper one, so they cross and stop. Every .22 rifle has to solve this. Ruger’s answer in 1964 was a rotary magazine — the cartridges sit in a spiral around a spring-loaded rotor, each in its own slot, touching nothing else — and because the rotor is a flat disc it fits flush with the stock instead of hanging below it.
Everything else about the rifle is ordinary and cheap: simple blowback, a bolt that weighs enough on its own to hold a rimfire case, an aluminium receiver and a two-piece trigger housing that drops out on two pins. That last detail is why seven million of them exist and why the aftermarket for them is larger than for any other rifle in the world — barrel, stock, trigger group and bolt can all be replaced without touching the receiver, so a 10/22 is as much a chassis as a rifle.
It is also, in stock form, a competitive rimfire silhouette and steel-challenge gun, and that is the role most of them are bought for now rather than as a first rifle.
References
This entry's own bibliography. Every citation key on this page resolves into this list.
- Ruger 10/22 · Wikipedia · 1368986658 · read 2026-08-31 · CC BY-SA 4.0
Last verified 2026-08-31 · review status: agent-populated